The Maunsell Forts standing in the sea
Results announced

Architecture competition · United Kingdom

MaunsellForts

Future living on water

Winners3Honourable mentions10Shortlisted30Jurors6

01BriefMaunsell Forts

Future living on water

Transform the Maunsell Forts into a new form of living for an era of climate change.

Full brief (PDF)

Built in the 1940s off the coast of the United Kingdom, the Maunsell Forts were designed to defend Britain from enemy aircraft. These large steel and concrete structures were self-sufficient outposts in the sea.

Today they stand empty and weathered, yet they remain a powerful reminder of how people once lived and worked on water.

The competition asks participants to learn from this history and give the forts a new purpose: reuse them as resilient, self-sufficient places to live, and imagine how communities could live on water as sea levels rise.

01Reuse the existing fortsKeep the existing structures and add modular extensions made from recycled, durable materials suited to marine conditions.
02Create resilient living spacesDesign self-sufficient, flood-resistant habitats that show how people could live on water.
03Design sustainable systemsIntegrate renewable energy, water collection and food production so each fort is energy-independent and circular.
04Make it modular & replicableCreate a flexible, movable and scalable prototype that could be applied to other coastal or flood-affected areas.

02WinnersMaunsell Forts

The winners

Selected by our jury from all entries. Click a board to see it in full.

Full poster of Disarm Maunsell Forts by Alvaro PobleteHover to zoom · click to enlarge
01First prizeWinner

Disarm Maunsell Forts

“The rusted structure reveals it was designed to resist, not to persist. The fortress can be dismantled to give way to a self-sufficient human habitat.”
Designed by
Alvaro Poblete
Recent architect and Master in Architecture, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Chile
01First prizeWinner · Interview

Disarm Maunsell Forts

Alvaro Poblete
Chile

A brief about you

Recent architect and Master in Architecture from the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Currently, I am focused on the development of small-scale projects, architectural research and participation in international competitions.

Concept story

I am interested in the idea of narrative, but not as understood through the history of the victors. Through architecture one can reveal objects — read the context beyond a blank canvas — since behind it there are preexistences that speak their own stories, even when unseen, and others whose presence imposes a paradigm: visible, yet frozen in time.

In this sense, the fort belongs to the latter. Its origin lies in the need for heavy artillery: objects that structure space and give purpose to form. When they disappear, space loses that meaning, and as time passes, the rusted structure reveals it was designed to resist, not to persist.

In literature, hyperbaton alters the usual order of prose. Applied here, the fortress can be dismantled to give way to a self-sufficient human habitat. Objects no longer give meaning to form but to environment: one where the façade no longer protects the vulnerable; instead, the vulnerable is exposed on the façade to endure the adversity of an oceanic environment within a context of environmental crisis.

Future goals

I hope to continue participating in competitions, learning among cultures, finding my place within the discipline — exploring the blurred edges of what we understand as architecture — and trying to leave an optimistic mark along the way.

Full poster of Dual Ring Breakwater by Pablo CastroHover to zoom · click to enlarge
02Second prizeWinner

Dual Ring Breakwater

“Architecture, as I understand it, is not only object or form: it is space. It is the act of making the void habitable.”
Designed by
Pablo Castro
Pablo Castro Arquitectos, Buenos Aires · Architect, Universidad de Buenos Aires
Argentina
02Second prizeWinner · Interview

Dual Ring Breakwater

Pablo Castro
Argentina

About

Pablo Castro Arquitectos, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Architect, graduate of the Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA).

Architecture

Architecture, as I understand it, is not only object or form: it is space. It is the act of making the void habitable. It is the ordering and qualification of space for human life.

Architects must solve spatial problems. Architecture does not build things; it creates conditions for inhabitation. It is not measured by its image, but by the experience it generates.

Architecture transforms human needs into habitable space, and within that space, we find place, scale and meaning. As Lao Tse observed, a vessel is shaped by its form, but its true usefulness lies in the empty space within.

Competitions

Competitions are essential for expanding knowledge, engaging with other professionals, and fostering a continuous exchange that enriches both understanding and solutions to real-world problems.

The competition

This competition invited participants to learn from history and explore how the Maunsell Fort structures could be repurposed for a new use in the context of climate change. The main challenge lay in building within an extreme environment, where waves can reach heights of up to 20 metres during rare events.

From this starting point, we investigated whether it was possible to address these conditions using current technology, while also envisioning a system capable of enabling construction over water — forming a city or an artificial archipelago. This process led us to consider not only the climatic challenges, but also the logistical issues related to energy supply and food distribution.

Full poster of Muansell's Ark by Vignesh Prabhakaran · Akshaya Priya V SHover to zoom · click to enlarge
03Third prizeWinner

Muansell's Ark

“We treated the fort not as a monument to preserve, but as a scaffold for ecological return. The fort already felt like an island, and we simply asked what kind of island it wanted to be.”
Designed by
Vignesh PrabhakaranAkshaya Priya V S
Final-year architecture students
India
03Third prizeWinner · Interview

Muansell's Ark

Vignesh PrabhakaranAkshaya Priya V S
India

About the team

We’re final-year architecture students who are interested in exploring architecture beyond the semester curriculum by expanding our design boundaries and exposure through similar challenges. We want to create spaces that just make sense and have a natural feel with the right human touch.

Concept story

The project started not with adding architecture, but with observing what nature had already begun to reclaim. We started off by understanding the context thoroughly: what it has, what it wants and what it has lost.

We treated the fort not as a monument to preserve, but as a scaffold for ecological return. The fort already felt like an island, and we simply asked what kind of island it wanted to be. Serving nature and humans without exploitation: an island which provides and sustains.

Future goals

Vignesh: Explore and expand my horizon in architecture. Work in different areas and experience a ton of architecture.

Akshaya: Become someone who is capable enough to understand people, space and time, and create something which serves just right. To become someone who possesses enough knowledge to make the process of living easy, at least spatially. In a more realistic sense, go remote and work and learn with peace and at my own pace.

04ShortlistedMaunsell Forts

Shortlisted projects

The strongest entries reviewed by the jury in the final round.

Show shortlisted projects (30)Hide shortlisted projects
Maunsell Forts: Research as Habitation by Agustina González IñigoMaunsell Forts: Research as HabitationAgustina González IñigoArgentinaBetween Sky and Sea by Alexandra Iliasova · Dmitriy BalalaevBetween Sky and SeaAlexandra Iliasova · Dmitriy BalalaevRussiaCordelia by Shahd AshrafCordeliaShahd AshrafEgyptBreathing Bastions by Matthew Visser · Gerald GuerraBreathing BastionsMatthew Visser · Gerald GuerraSouth AfricaArchipelago of Second Chance by Florentina Julisa Friska Cristiani · Helen Saphira Wibowo · Daffa Yusfi AzizArchipelago of Second ChanceFlorentina Julisa Friska Cristiani · Helen Saphira Wibowo · Daffa Yusfi AzizIndonesiaThe Breathing Forts by Mathilde OlsenThe Breathing FortsMathilde OlsenDenmarkMaunsell Atoll by Semyon Golubchikov · Yegor RayshinMaunsell AtollSemyon Golubchikov · Yegor RayshinFranceBird Restaurant by Daria ShelBird RestaurantDaria ShelRussiaBiofort by Alex Yakupov · Kirill Taravko · Polina Kinosyan · Daria PatkinaBiofortAlex Yakupov · Kirill Taravko · Polina Kinosyan · Daria PatkinaRussiaModular Archipelago by Wan Jia KangModular ArchipelagoWan Jia KangChinaThe Arch-Buoy: Resurrecting Maunsell Forts by Quy Ngo Thanh · Binh Nguyen Vuong (Horizonlab)The Arch-Buoy: Resurrecting Maunsell FortsQuy Ngo Thanh · Binh Nguyen Vuong (Horizonlab)VietnamOffshore Commons by Charlie HallOffshore CommonsCharlie HallUnited KingdomBetween Sea and Sky by Natalya Bekova · Alyona KokuevaBetween Sea and SkyNatalya Bekova · Alyona KokuevaRussiaSea Signal Survival by Ngoc Yen Nhi Pham · Ngoc Khanh Thy Nguyen · Thanh Minh Nguyen · Quoc Khang DangSea Signal SurvivalNgoc Yen Nhi Pham · Ngoc Khanh Thy Nguyen · Thanh Minh Nguyen · Quoc Khang DangVietnamMuansell's Ark by Vignesh Prabhakaran · Akshaya Priya V SMuansell's ArkVignesh Prabhakaran · Akshaya Priya V SIndiaMaunsell Forts by Nicola BrisuMaunsell FortsNicola BrisuItalyThe Veil of Uncle 6 by Steven ShafferThe Veil of Uncle 6Steven ShafferUnited StatesEstuarium by Levin SureshEstuariumLevin SureshIndiaLiving Buoys by Luis Mutschall · Ruben Baack · Clemens BalluneitLiving BuoysLuis Mutschall · Ruben Baack · Clemens BalluneitIndiaDisarm Maunsell Forts by Alvaro PobleteDisarm Maunsell FortsAlvaro PobleteChileMaunsell Future City by Ramón Ruiz Abad · Juan Alberto Martínez GonzálezMaunsell Future CityRamón Ruiz Abad · Juan Alberto Martínez GonzálezSpainMicronation by Hristo Tritakov · Hristo RizovMicronationHristo Tritakov · Hristo RizovBulgariaMaunsell Forts by Sergey SmirnovMaunsell FortsSergey SmirnovRussiaDual Ring Breakwater by Pablo CastroDual Ring BreakwaterPablo CastroArgentinaBetween Tight and Light by Yuhan ZhangBetween Tight and LightYuhan ZhangChinaThe Salvaged Ark by Ariana-Iuliana Șerban · Pătrașcu Elena-Ioana · Marinescu Alexandra-GabrielaThe Salvaged ArkAriana-Iuliana Șerban · Pătrașcu Elena-Ioana · Marinescu Alexandra-GabrielaChinaMaunsell Modules by Krzysztof Dobrowolski · Kamil Krawiec · Julia Jaremczak · Olga ZawadzkaMaunsell ModulesKrzysztof Dobrowolski · Kamil Krawiec · Julia Jaremczak · Olga ZawadzkaPolandBlue Pulse by Jennifer · Aaron Sutanto Putra · Phoa Angela Grace WibowoBlue PulseJennifer · Aaron Sutanto Putra · Phoa Angela Grace WibowoIndonesiaLife between Structure by Wirunpatchara Charoenchotsung · Napatporn Yamket · Oracha TumthongLife between StructureWirunpatchara Charoenchotsung · Napatporn Yamket · Oracha TumthongThailandMaunsell Reef Commons Road by Oleksandr RiabokinMaunsell Reef Commons RoadOleksandr RiabokinUkraine
Poster previewHover to zoom · click to enlarge
ShortlistedMaunsell Forts: Research as HabitationAgustina González Iñigo

05JuryMaunsell Forts

Our jury

Each jury is carefully selected, bringing together professionals whose expertise relates directly to the focus of the competition.

Meet all jurors
Portrait of Lucia OberfrancováLucia OberfrancováResearch assistant & teacher, Hochschule Wismar
Portrait of Maged ElbannaMaged ElbannaArchitect, computational designer & AI specialist
Portrait of Paula QuinteroPaula QuinteroLighting designer, Foster + Partners
Portrait of Maria UlashchenkoMaria UlashchenkoFounder, SKALA SOCIAL
Portrait of Radovan SzabóRadovan SzabóArchitectural designer, Büro Hacke
Portrait of Johana Mendoza RodriguezJohana Mendoza RodriguezArchitectural designer, Olson Kundig
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MAUNSELL FORTS

Architecture Competition

Brief

MaUNSELL fORtS:Future Living on Water, uNITED KINGDOM

  • The Maunsell Forts were built during World War II to defend Britain’s coast from enemy aircraft.

    Constructed in the 1940s, these massive steel and concrete structures rose out of the sea like small cities on stilts — strong, functional, and completely self-sufficient.

    Today, the forts are empty, weathered by salt and time, standing as monuments of human ingenuity and resilience.

    They remind us how architecture responds to urgent needs — and how even in crisis, design can be bold, experimental, and transformative.

    By reimagining the Maunsell Forts, this competition invites participants to learn from history, to look at what these structures represented, and to explore how we can reuse them for a new purpose in the age of climate change.

    Your task is to transform the Maunsell Forts into a new form of living.

    The design should:

  • Reuse the Existing Forts

    Transform the Maunsell Forts by keeping their structure and adding new modular extensions using recycled and durable materials suitable for marine conditions.

  • Create Resilient Living Spaces

    Design self-sufficient, flood-resistant habitats that show how people could live on water.

  • Design Sustainable Systems

    Integrate renewable energy, water collection, and food production to make each fort energy-independent and environmentally circular.

  • Make It Modular and Replicable

    The design should be flexible, movable, and scalable — a prototype that could be applied to other coastal or flood-affected areas around the world.

Winners

Honorable mentions

TOP 30

OUR JURY

Each jury is carefully selected, bringing together professionals whose expertise directly relates to the focus of the competition.

Read more

  • Black and white photo of a woman smiling outdoors, with sunlight on her face, and trees in the background.

    Lucia Oberfrancová

    Research assistent & teacher at Hochschule Wismar

  • Black and white portrait of a young woman with curly hair, wearing a plaid long-sleeve shirt and earrings, smiling at the camera.

    Maged ELBANNA

    Architect, Computational Designer and AI specialist

  • Black and white portrait of a smiling man with short dark hair, a beard, and wearing a collared shirt, sitting in front of a window with blurred outdoor scenery.

    Paula Quintero

    Lighting Designer at Foster + Partners 


  • Black-and-white photo of a man outdoors near water, wearing a cap and a scarf.

    Maria Ulashchenko

    Founder of SKALA SOCIAL, Architecture M.Sc. Student at Politecnico di Milano

  • A woman with curly hair smiling, wearing earrings and a necklace, in front of a blurred background.

    Radovan Szabó

    Architectural designer at Büro Hacke 

  • Black and white portrait of a smiling man with light-colored, wavy hair, wearing a white collared shirt, against a plain background.

    Johana Mendoza Rodriguez

    Architectural designer, Oslon Kundig

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